DANIEL 9 AND THE CORRECT ROYAL COMMAND
1. The Biblical reason to look for the Command is based on the ARCHANGEL GABRIELS' words to DANIEL:
Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the command to restore and build Jerusalem until Messiah the Prince, there shall be seven weeks and sixty-two weeks; the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublesome times. Daniel 9:25
Note above the reference to MOSHIACH NAGID (Messiah the Prince) and Who has always been central to the whole of the Scriptures. Also note that there is no mention of the Temple, only restoring and building Jerusalem. Jeremiahs' words cover the rebuilding of the Temple, not Daniels'. This will become important later on.
2. ARTAXERXES I (465-425 B.C) (old-Persian Artkhshatra [some researchers may have him as Artakhaa, but that is Artaxerxes III]). The Greeks called Artaxerxes I, "Makrocheir", "with the long hand". He succeeded his father, XERXES I (the Ahasuerus of the Book of Esther), in whose assassination he had no part. ARTAXERXES I was a member of the ACHAEMENID Dynasty of ancient PERSIA. The dynasty ended with DARIUS III. ARTAXERXES is the Greek form of the Persian name ARDASHIR.
We know from ancient history inscriptions and the Bible that there were MANY separate commands relevant to the activities at Jerusalem. Several are ommitted by most researchers.
Here is what we have found:
I. The FIRST command was given by G-d to CYRUS II (THE GREAT) in 538 B.C.[1]
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and put it also in writing, saying, Thus saith Cyrus king of Persia, The LORD God of heaven hath given me all the kingdoms of the earth; and he hath charged me to build him an house at Jerusalem, which is in Judah. Who is there among you of all his people? his God be with him, and let him go up to Jerusalem, which is in Judah, and build the house of the LORD God of Israel, (he is the God,) which is in Jerusalem. And whosoever remaineth in any place where he sojourneth, let the men of his place help him with silver, and with gold, and with goods, and with beasts, beside the freewill offering for the house of God that is in Jerusalem. Ezra 1:1-4
This command must not be connected to the prophecy of Daniel, but as the Book of Ezra says, to fulfill the words of Jeremiah (Ezra 1:1), not the words of Daniel. Furthermore, the prophecy of Daniel says nothing of rebuilding the Temple proper.
The rebuilding of the Temple was initially begun, led by Zerubbabel in 536 B.C.
CYRUS II is killed in battle about 529 B.C.
II. The SECOND command (ommitted by most researchers) was given by CYRUS' son CAMBYCES II (Reigned 529-522) who took the throne as inheritance from his father CYRUS II. (CYRUS IIs' son CAMBYCES II is called "AHASUERUS" in Ezra 4:6). CAMBYCES II STOPPED the Jews from rebuilding the Temple. This command effectively NEGATED and reversed the FIRST Command of his father CYRUS II.
This could explain why CAMBYCES IIs' name (Ahasuerus of Ezra 4) is ommitted from the list of kings of Persia who helped the children of Israel given in Ezra 6:14.
III. The THIRD command (also ommitted by most researchers) was by SMERDUS the Usurper who Reigned but 10 months. His command confirmed CAMBYCES IIs' command, to STOP the Jews from building the Second Temple. (Ezra 4:17-22)
IV. The FOURTH command (usually not mentioned by researchers) was a restatement by DARIUS I (Reigned 521-486) after the rediscovery of the original command of CYRUS II for the Jews to proceed to Jerusalem and continue rebuilding. DARIUS I ordered the original Command of CYRUS II to be obeyed regarding work on the Temple, once again to, "fulfil the words of Jeremiah" (Ezra 1:1) - not the words of Daniel.
Then Darius the king made a decree, and search was made in the house of the rolls, where the treasures were laid up in Babylon. And there was found at Achmetha, in the palace that is in the province of the Medes, a roll, and therein was a record thus written: In the first year of Cyrus the king the same Cyrus the king made a decree concerning the house of God at Jerusalem, Let the house be builded, the place where they offered sacrifices, and let the foundations thereof be strongly laid; the height thereof threescore cubits, and the breadth thereof threescore cubits; With three rows of great stones, and a row of new timber: and let the expenses be given out of the king's house: 5 And also let the golden and silver vessels of the house of God, which Nebuchadnezzar took forth out of the temple which is at Jerusalem, and brought unto Babylon, be restored, and brought again unto the temple which is at Jerusalem, every one to his place, and place them in the house of God. 6 Now therefore, Tatnai, governor beyond the river, Shetharboznai, and your companions the Apharsachites, which are beyond the river, be ye far from thence: 7 Let the work of this house of God alone; let the governor of the Jews and the elders of the Jews build this house of God in his place. 8 Moreover I make a decree what ye shall do to the elders of these Jews for the building of this house of God: that of the king's goods, even of the tribute beyond the river, forthwith expenses be given unto these men, that they be not hindered. 9 And that which they have need of, both young bullocks, and rams, and lambs, for the burnt offerings of the God of heaven, wheat, salt, wine, and oil, according to the appointment of the priests which are at Jerusalem, let it be given them day by day without fail: 10 That they may offer sacrifices of sweet savours unto the God of heaven, and pray for the life of the king, and of his sons. 11 Also I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word, let timber be pulled down from his house, and being set up, let him be hanged thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this. 12 And the God that hath caused his name to dwell there destroy all kings and people, that shall put to their hand to alter and to destroy this house of God which is at Jerusalem. I Darius have made a decree; let it be done with speed. And the elders of the Jews builded, and they prospered through the prophesying of Haggai the prophet and Zechariah the son of Iddo. And they builded, and finished it, according to the commandment of the God of Israel, and according to the commandment of Cyrus, and Darius, and Artaxerxes king of Persia. And this house was finished on the third day of the month Adar, which was in the sixth year of the reign of Darius the king. Ezra 6:1-15
The Second Temple is completed and Dedicated (Ezra 6:15) in 516 B.C.
V. The FIFTH Command (called by most "the second" command), and the one relevant to the Daniel prophecy was given in Ezra 7:9-26 by ARTAXERXES I (son of XERXES) in 458 B.C. This is the Command that we are to look to:
Artaxerxes, king of kings, unto Ezra the priest, a scribe of the law of the God of heaven, perfect peace, and at such a time. 13 I make a decree, that all they of the people of Israel, and of his priests and Levites, in my realm, which are minded of their own freewill to go up to Jerusalem, go with thee. 14 Forasmuch as thou art sent of the king, and of his seven counsellors, to enquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem, according to the law of thy God which is in thine hand; 15 And to carry the silver and gold, which the king and his counsellors have freely offered unto the God of Israel, whose habitation is in Jerusalem, 16 And all the silver and gold that thou canst find in all the province of Babylon, with the freewill offering of the people, and of the priests, offering willingly for the house of their God which is in Jerusalem: 17 That thou mayest buy speedily with this money bullocks, rams, lambs, with their meat offerings and their drink offerings, and offer them upon the altar of the house of your God which is in Jerusalem. 18 And whatsoever shall seem good to thee, and to thy brethren, to do with the rest of the silver and the gold, that do after the will of your God. 19 The vessels also that are given thee for the service of the house of thy God, those deliver thou before the God of Jerusalem. 20 And whatsoever more shall be needful for the house of thy God, which thou shalt have occasion to bestow, bestow it out of the king's treasure house. 21 And I, even I Artaxerxes the king, do make a decree to all the treasurers which are beyond the river, that whatsoever Ezra the priest, the scribe of the law of the God of heaven, shall require of you, it be done speedily, 22 Unto an hundred talents of silver, and to an hundred measures of wheat, and to an hundred baths of wine, and to an hundred baths of oil, and salt without prescribing how much. 23 Whatsoever is commanded by the God of heaven, let it be diligently done for the house of the God of heaven: for why should there be wrath against the realm of the king and his sons? 24 Also we certify you, that touching any of the priests and Levites, singers, porters, Nethinims, or ministers of this house of God, it shall not be lawful to impose toll, tribute, or custom, upon them. 25 And thou, Ezra, after the wisdom of thy God, that is in thine hand, set magistrates and judges, which may judge all the people that are beyond the river, all such as know the laws of thy God; and teach ye them that know them not. 26 And whosoever will not do the law of thy God, and the law of the king, let judgment be executed speedily upon him, whether it be unto death, or to banishment, or to confiscation of goods, or to imprisonment. 27 Blessed be the LORD God of our fathers, which hath put such a thing as this in the king's heart, to beautify the house of the LORD which is in Jerusalem: 28 And hath extended mercy unto me before the king, and his counsellors, and before all the king's mighty princes. And I was strengthened as the hand of the LORD my God was upon me, and I gathered together out of Israel chief men to go up with me. Ezra 7:-12-27
The Darby Rapturites (Dispensationalists) reject the 458 Command as it does not allow for any "remaining seven years" for their (so-called) "great tribulation" to occur (as some say, to slaughter untold millions of Jews in the future by)
All that notwithstanding, here are some very solid reasons to accept the 458 B.C. Command as the one that fulfilled Daniel 9.
This is the first Command to rebuild the wall which was given. Scripture also says that this Command had the Blessing of G-d upon it. (see following Prayer of Thanksgiving wherein it says Ezra had the, "hand of his G-d upon him" regarding his obedience to this specific Command in 458.
The Jewish geneologies are given in connection with the Commands' obedience. This has always been a mark of ratification for validity in Hebrew tradirion.
As stated, this first Command was the one explicitly obeyed by Ezra and contained a Blessing in that obedience:
The Command of Artaxerxes I in Ezra 7 has been accepted historically by all the Churches throughout the ages. It was accepted by the Protestant Reformers as well.
Now after these things, in the reign of Artaxerxes king of Persia, Ezra the son of Seraiah, the son of Azariah, the son of Hilkiah, 2 The son of Shallum, the son of Zadok, the son of Ahitub, 3 The son of Amariah, the son of Azariah, the son of Meraioth, 4 The son of Zerahiah, the son of Uzzi, the son of Bukki, 5 The son of Abishua, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the chief priest: 6 This Ezra went up from Babylon; and he was a ready scribe in the law of Moses, which the LORD God of Israel had given: and the king granted him all his request, according to the hand of the LORD his God upon him. 7 And there went up some of the children of Israel, and of the priests, and the Levites, and the singers, and the porters, and the Nethinims, unto Jerusalem, in the seventh year of Artaxerxes the king. 8 And he came to Jerusalem in the fifth month, which was in the seventh year of the king. 9 For upon the first day of the first month began he to go up from Babylon, and on the first day of the fifth month came he to Jerusalem, according to the good hand of his God upon him. 10 For Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the law of the LORD, and to do it, and to teach in Israel statutes and judgments. Ezra 7:1-10
The Dispensatuionalists claim that it does not pertain to "the wall" ar all but onlyy to the Temple. However, the command would have also meant to include the restoration of the street and walls roundabout because later in Ezra 9:9 Ezra Prays this Prayer of Thanksgiving:
For we were bondmen; yet our G-d hath not forsaken us in our bondage, but hath extended mercy unto us in the sight of the kings of Persia, to give us a reviving, to set up the house of our G-d, and to repair the desolations thereof, and to give us a wall in Judah and in Jerusalem.
Notice here the year of the Command is 458 B.C. and a month and day are clearly given.
Also remember that the Daniel prophecy said, "7 weeks plus threescore and two weeks". Why would God have it so divided into 7 then 62? The majority of serious scholars believe this "49 years" was directly related to the "troublous times" ending after a "7 week" (49 year) period from the Artaxerxes Command in 458. This would be: 458 - 49 years = 409 B.C. In 409 B.C., Nehemiah emded his governorship signifying the "troublous times" were over and that part of the Prophecy fulfilled. There is no significant event connected to the 444/445 B.C. command such as this which leads us to choose 458 once again as the correct Command.
So, taking the 458 B.C. Command as the correct one and adding 490 years, calculates out to the 33 A.D. date as the end of the 70th week, adding one year for the "0 A.D." factor. This has always been the Churchs' historical position that the Dispensationalists have always attempted to overthrow using every means possible (including a "doctored" calendar), but without complete success where the people know the true teaching, and have truly searched the Scriptures to objectively evaluate it.
ANOTHER REFUTATION OF THE DISPENSATIONALISTS
"However, pre-tribulation rapturists reject Artaxerxes' decree of 457 B.C.E. issued to Ezra as being the correct one. They use his 445 B.C.E. decree to Nehemiah to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the walls of the city as their starting point. Unfortunately, 483 years after this date brings us to 40 C.E., a date all scholars agree is too late for the start of the Messiah's ministry.
"The pre-tribulation rapturists attempt to circumvent this shortcoming through some fancy mathematical sleight of hand. To do this, they rely primarily on the calculations of Sir Robert Anderson, which he published in 1894 in his book The Coming Prince (a reference to the Antichrist). Anderson, using Artaxerxes' decree to Nehemiah in 445 B.C.E., shortened the 69-week time period from 483 solar years to 476 years by assuming Daniel's prophecy was using a "prophetic" 360-day year. He thus placed the end of the 69th week in 32 C.E., which he presumed to be the year Messiah was crucified. A later variation on this theory starts the count in 444 B.C.E. and ends it in 33 C.E."
"While a number of significant errors and problems with Sir Robert Anderson's calculation have been documented, we'll look specifically at two that are readily evident. First, this prophecy was given to Daniel and recorded for the Jewish people to know when to expect the Messiah. The Jewish lunar/solar calendar does not contain 360-day years. To account for the difference between a lunar year and a solar year, the Jewish calendar adds an extra month at the end of the year seven times in a 19-year cycle. Therefore, although the Jewish year starts at a different time than the Roman year, a period of 483 years on the Jewish calendar would also be 483 years on the Roman calendar, NOT 476 years. There is no scriptural basis for converting the 483 calendar years identified here into 476 "prophetic" years. Secondly, Sir Robert Anderson's calculations show the Messiah being "cut off" at the crucifixion at the END of the 69 weeks, leaving one prophetic week of seven years yet to be fulfilled. However, Gabriel plainly told Daniel that the Messiah would be bring sacrifice and offering to an end in the middle of the 70th week (we'll look at this more closely when we examine Daniel 9:27). Counting from Artaxerxes' 457 B.C.E. decree to Ezra, this would have occurred at Passover in 30 C.E., after 486 1/2 years of the prophesied 490 years had elapsed.
Something that is seldom considered is that there are really four time periods specified in this prophecy: 7 weeks (49 years), 62 weeks (434 years), and a final week (7 years) that is split into two 3 1/2 year periods (Dan. 9:27; Rev. 11:3; 13:5). Too often the first two of these time periods are lumped together, as if there were no importance to the differentiation in them made by God.
However, the 49-year period mentioned first is important. It is the "troublesome" time period during which the Temple was upgraded and the streets and the wall of Jerusalem were rebuilt. This trying time is described in detail in the book of Nehemiah. The enemies of the Jews were so angry about the rebuilding of the city walls that those who labored had to work with one hand and hold a weapon in the other (Neh. 4:16-18).
The next period of 434 years brings us to the time of the Messiah's anointing, which we have already dated to the fall of 26 C.E. Yeshua's first public address in Nazareth after his baptism confirms that the "anointing of the Most Holy" mentioned in verse 24 took place at this time:" (Luke 4:16-21) ( Brian T. Huie)
VI. The SIXTH command (444 B.C.) is given by ARTAXERXES I in Nehemiah 2:1 ff. (called by most "the third" command) came in the 20th year of his Reign which occurred in the month of Nisan: 444 B.C. does not refer to the Daniel 9 Prophecy, because counting 69 weels forward (483 years), we arrive at 38 A.D. as the beginning of the 70th week which is far too late. Neither is there a day of the month given (as in Ezra 7) to lend any support for any Dispensationalist claim that they "know the exact day" based on Nehemiah 2, even if some claim to use the rabbinic lunar calendar to juggle some numbers around a bit. Any Dispy claiming to use only Ezra 1 and Nehemiah 2 while telling you he "knows the exact day" is being less than honest with you. There is NO DAY GIVEN in any passage except Ezra 7:9 ff. (the 458 B.C. event).
There was no Messiah other than Yeshua being announced in Israel as already risen from the dead at this time (38 A.D.) aa all the events had already occurred as proved. Also as shown, even if we count backward from 45 A.D., we arrive at 38 A.D. (45 - 7 = 38) as the end of the 69th week and the beginning of the 70th week. This does not work out historically at all. The Dispensationalists have Jesus in Jerusalem on Palm Sunday, 30 A.D. as the "end of the 69th week", but mathematically, it would have been 37/38 A.D. because they choose a 444/445 B.C. command. They also attempt to use the "number of days" (in the thousands!) to attempt to "prove they know exactly" what day it was, when neither of their commands (the 538 nor 444 B.C.) even give a day! Only the 458 B.C. Command in Ezra 7 gives the day, month and year exactly.
Some insist they go by the "sacred Jewish calendar" which is a lunar one and only has 360 days for a year, "so that accounts for the difference". This would be following the highly discredited "lunar computations" of Sir Robert Anderson (1841-1918) published in his book, "The Coming Prince" (1894) which refers to the "Antichrist" as his "prince" of the title. In the work, using the 360 day year he shortened the 483 years to 476 and had Christ being crucified in 33 A.D. at the emd of his "lunar 69th week". This was all false teaching, but Dispensationalists today still teach it in various or modified form in total ignorance that it has been thoroughly refuted.[2]
Most gentiles are not made aware that every six years there is an extra month, called a "double Adar" which is always inserted into the calendar to make it keep up astronomically with the more accurate solar one. So they end up being the same over time! This is just another example of how persons may be so incredibly deceived.
From all this, we can plainly see that in 458 B.C. (Ezra 7) the command given by ARTAXERXES I that resulted in the Fulfillment of the restoration and rebuilding because the command of CYRUS II had been broken off and stopped by CAMBYCES II and also SMERDUS. Hence, only the command given in 458 B.C. precisely Fulfills the words of the Prophecy of the ARCHANGEL GABRIEL in Daniel 9:25. Therefore it is upon the command given in 458 B.C. that the Prophecy is Fulfilled, not 538 B.C. (broken off) or 444 B.C. (far too late to accomodate the MESSIAHS' Appearance)
IMPORTANT!
The Prophecy of the Archangel Gabriel in Daniel 9:25 is often cited by Dispensationalists as a command to rebuild the Temple, but the Daniel 9 Prophecy does not refer to any Temple rebuilding whatsoever but restoration of other parts of the city. The command relates to the "street and wall" having to do with the command of Artaxerxes in 458. Daniel actually says NOTHING of the Temple being rebuilt!
Here is the passage often used to justify the claim that Daniels' Prophecy is related to the command to rebuild the Temple.
Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times. Daniel 9:25
But look closely, because Dispensationalists are sometimes very fond of misreading this verse saying instead, "the Temple shall be rebuilt, even in troublous times", but that is NOT what the verse says! The reference in Daniel 9:25 is to building Jerusalem and the street and wall, not the Temple. That means Daniels' Prophecy refers to the command of ARTAXERXES I. Lastly, the command to rebuild the Temple was issued previously under CYRUS THE GREAT, which he clearly said was to "fulfill the words of Jeremiah" (Ezra 1:1), CYRUS did not say "the words of Daniel"! Also remember that CYRUS II's command was abrogated by CAMBYCES which later resulted in ARTAXERXES I command in 458. The "troublous times" in Daniel 9:25 Prophesies, along with other events, the negation of the command of CYRUS II by CAMBYCES II his son, and again by SMERDUS the Usurper.
Some want to accept the 444 B.C. Command as the Scriptures said that the repairs were either not completed or there remained some work to be done after the 458 B.C. Command because the gates had been burned. It is pointed out that was the reason the 444 B.C. Command had to be given. Notwithstanding, the prophecy in Daniel 9 not only says nothing about "gates" but only "street and wall", but also included the statement, "even in troublous times", which indicate interruptions after the command of Ezra 7 in 458. The prophecy does not state that the all the work would be completed, but only that there would be "troublous times", which there were. The 444 B.C. Command confirmed the "troublous times" that surrounded the 458 B.C. Command, and instead of abnegating it, affirms 458 as the one we must look to.
Why are "troublous times" important? We believe because there were no "troublous times" as serious as before accompanying the 444/445 B.C. Command! Why you may ask? Because Artaxerxes I sent troops to quell all disturbances (any severe "troublous times").
Then I came to the governors beyond the river, and gave them the king's letters. Now the king had sent captains of the army and horsemen with me. Nehemiah 2:9
Yes, there were still threats, but it is our position that the addition of troops also played a major role in significantly diminishing the "troublous times".
MORE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
"DARIUS, king of Persia, was the son of Hystaspes, of the royal family of the Achaemenidae. He did not immediately succeed Cyrus on the throne. There were two intermediate kings, viz., Cambyses II (the Ahasuerus of Ezra), the son of Cyrus who reigned from 528-522 and was succeeded by a usurper named Smerdis, who occupied the throne only ten months, and was succeeded by this Darius (B.C. 521-486). Smerdis was a Margian, and therefore had no sympathy with Cyrus and Cambyses in the manner in which they had treated the Jews. He issued a decree prohibiting the restoration of the temple and of Jerusalem (Ezra 4:17-22). But soon after his death and the accession of Darius, the Jews resumed their work, thinking that the edict of Smerdis would be now null and void, as Darius was in known harmony with the religious policy of Cyrus. The enemies of the Jews lost no time in bringing the matter under the notice of Darius, who caused search to be made for the decree of Cyrus II (q.v.). It was not found at Babylon, but at Achmetha (Ezra 6:2); and Darius forthwith issued a new decree, giving the Jews full liberty to prosecute their work, at the same time requiring the Syrian satrap and his subordinates to give them all needed help. It was with the army of this king that the Greeks fought the famous battle of Marathon (B.C. 490). During his reign the Jews enjoyed much peace and prosperity. He was succeeded by Ahasuerus, known to the Greeks as Xerxes, who reigned for twenty-one years." SwordSearcher
Go HERE for more.
There is no further Temple to be rebuilt in Jerusalem with G-ds' Authorization. YESHUA Fulfilled all of that in Himself being Raised from the dead (He Fulfilled His Prophecy of the Temple being rebuilt in three days) and He is The ONLY New Temple anyone will ever need to Believe in both now and Forevermore. See Amos 9:11 and Acts 15:16 and many other passages. Any attempt to build "another Temple" would only be an attempt at a lawless usurpation of His Temple that is Now Eternal.
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[1
"My numerous troops moved about undisturbed in the midst of Babylon.
I did not allow anyone to terrorise the land of Sumer and Akkad. I
kept in view the needs of Babylon and all its sanctuaries to
promote their well being. The citizens of Babylon ... I lifted
their unbecoming yoke. Their dilapidated dwellings I restored. I
put an end to their misfortunes."
Cyrus II was one of a
very long list of those who have conquered Babylon.
[2
"R. Simeon said: If they had established it because of defilement,
it is intercalary; and Hezekiah prayed for forgiveness because the
law dictates that only the month of Adar shall be intercalary. He,
however, intercalated the month Nissin." Talmud. Masechet
Sanhedrin. Chapter 1.
By this we can see that Sir Robert Anderson greatly erred when he
assumed that the Jews were continually using a 360 calendar
that lacked proper adjustments.
[3
Talmud. Tractate Masechet Sanhedrin Chapter 1.
Translations: